As it stands at the time of this publication, The Walt Disney Company will officially relinquish its copyright on Steamboat Willie, effective January 1, 2024.
How could that happen? Isn't Mickey the intellectual property of The Walt Disney Company? Yes, however, once a copyrighted work is 94 years old, it loses its copyright and becomes accessible for public use (this is called 'public domain').
What happens when Disney loses exclusive rights to beloved characters?
After that, the copyrighted material falls into the public domain, meaning anyone can use it however they'd like. That's why, ahead of the company's 100th birthday this October, we've started seeing NSFW depictions of classic Disney characters. The prime example: Winnie the Pooh: Blood and Honey.
The beloved mouse that is nearly a century old will soon enter public domain — the original Mickey Mouse's copyright expires in 2024. This anthropomorphic mouse is recognizable even by the silhouette of his ears and, in some ways, has been the face of The Walt Disney Co. since his 1928 creation.
Film Theory: Disney's Secret Archive of Dead Actors
Is Winnie-the-Pooh out of copyright?
That's because the 1926 storybook, titled Winnie-the-Pooh, which introduced the titular character, passed into the public domain at the start of 2022, voiding its copyright, and thus Disney's media exclusivity over the character.
While Disney may no longer have copyright protection for Winnie the Pooh, there are still opportunities for legal recourse that Disney can take. Disney still maintains the rights to the Winnie the Pooh characters created after 1926, including Tigger.
According to US copyright law, the rights for a character expire 95 years after the publication of the original work. Disney will lose the Mickey Mouse copyright for Steamboat Willie in 2024, since the short animated film was produced and distributed in 1928.
In truth, the earliest version of Mickey Mouse, which first appeared in the 1928 landmark animated short Steamboat Willie, will be entering the public domain when the film's copyright expires in 2024.
Any future iterations of Mickey Mouse – including any showing Mickey Mouse in color – are still under Disney's control. But the copyright on the Steamboat-Willie-version will run out in 2024 after 95 years. Initially, copyrights only lasted 28 years.
As per the US copyright law, the rights to characters expire 95 years after publication (for works published or registered before 1978). Thus, Disney, which is also called the House of Mouse due to the character, may lose the rights to the character.
EPS from continuing operations for the nine months ended July 1, 2023 decreased to $1.14 from $1.66 in the prior-year period. Excluding certain items(1), diluted EPS for the nine months ended July 1, 2023 decreased to $2.94 from $3.22 in the prior-year period.
To utilise Disney characters without violating their rights, you must obtain permission from The Walt Disney Company or its subsidiaries. Its characters are protected by copyright and trademark laws, and unauthorised use can lead to legal consequences.
On January 1, 2024, the Steamboat Willie version of Mickey Mouse will become public domain. However, don't expect to see any horror movies based on him. Anyone coming close to the trademark or the copyright of the more modern version will be shut down instantly.
The copyright for the earliest version of Mickey Mouse will expire in 2024. What does this mean for the world's most famous mouse? In 2024, the earliest iteration of Disney's Mickey Mouse will enter the public domain.
In the US, Popeye is considered “work for hire” because “Segar was an employee of King Features Syndicate when he introduced Popeye into the Thimble Theatre comic strip.” This means that Popeye will enter the public domain in the US on January 1, 2025.
Aspects of Pooh's appearance like his red shirt remain trademarked by Disney, even if the character itself isn't. This is due to differences in American law between trademark and copyright. Copyright can never be reintroduced but trademarks can be applied for and renewed.
There are a vast amount of shops who sell mouse ears, and they are legally allowed to. Disney does not own the rights to mouse ears. What they do own the rights to is Mickey Mouse and Minnie Mouse. So, while ears are okay, the silhouette (including the head of the mice) is not okay.
Thanks to copyright term extensions over the years, Disney still owns the rights for Milne's books and characters published after 1926 — including Tigger — as well as later materials published by the company using Milne's characters.
While Tigger did not appear in the first Winnie-the-Pooh: Blood and Honey, which transforms the A. A. Milne characters Winnie-the-Pooh and Piglet into killers, he will play a major role in the sequel due to the character entering the public domain as of January 2024.
Walt Disney Co. has controlled the rights to Winnie-the-Pooh since 1961 and kept depictions of Milne's talking animals true to the spirit of the family-friendly material. The copyright expired in January 2022. Since then, Winnie-the-Pooh and his friends have been available to the public for other purposes.
