Caligari, German silent horror film, released in 1920, that is widely considered the first great work in the genre. It also was the first film in the German Expressionist movement.
In 1905, a group of four German artists, led by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, formed Die Brücke (the Bridge) in the city of Dresden. This was arguably the founding organization for the German Expressionist movement, though they did not use the word itself.
What was the first example of an Expressionist film?
Among the first Expressionist films, The Student of Prague (1913), The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920), From Morn to Midnight (1920), The Golem: How He Came into the World (1920), Genuine (1920), Destiny (1921), Nosferatu (1922), Phantom (1922), and Schatten (1923) were highly symbolic and stylized.
It developed largely in the 1920s, a decade after the outset of expressionism in visual art and literature. Following the devastation of the First World War, the movement brought to the silent film screen innovative ideas and disturbing stories. The mise-en-scène of these films did not use realism.
“Van Gogh is the artist who almost single-handedly brought a greater sense of emotional depth to painting. In that way, he can truly be called the father of Expressionism.”
The roots of the German Expressionist school lay in the works of Vincent van Gogh, Edvard Munch, and James Ensor, each of whom in the period 1885–1900 evolved a highly personal painting style.
Vincent van Gogh, Edvard Munch, and James Ensor proved particularly influential to the Expressionists, encouraging the distortion of form and the deployment of strong colors to convey a variety of anxieties and yearnings.
The Norwegian painter Edvard Munch (1863–1944) is the founder of modern expressionism. This great and lonely artist, who was so completely absorbed in his work, has been appreciated at his real importance only by a handful of initiated people in the West.
Similar to their counterparts in the art world, Expressionist directors are concerned more with an unabashedly subjective experience of reality, not how others might see it. Psychological or spiritual truths they feel can best be conveyed by distorting the surface of the material world.
Daniel Andersson and Erika Magnusson's experimental Swedish film Logistics answered both questions when it came out in 2012. Logistics is the longest movie of all time, taking a whopping 35 days to end.
Roundhay Garden Scene is a short silent motion picture filmed by French inventor Louis Le Prince at Oakwood Grange in Roundhay, Leeds, in Northern England on 14 October 1888. It is believed to be the oldest surviving film. The camera used was patented in the United Kingdom on 16 November 1888.
These expressionist works and many others use movement, color, and style to evoke emotion in both painter and viewer. Both styles of painting are evocative, rich with imagery and color, and completely fascinating. Impressionism dates from the late 1800s, while expressionism was developed in the early 1900s.
Answer and Explanation: The Starry Night and The Scream are both examples of Expressionism because their subjects are distorted by the artist's emotive state.
The Abstract Expressionist movement itself is generally regarded as having begun with the paintings done by Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning in the late 1940s and early '50s.
Expressionism first emerged in 1905, when a group of four German students guided by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner founded the Die Brücke (the Bridge) group in the city of Dresden. A few years later, in 1911, a like-minded group of young artists formed Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider) in Munich.
In Germany from 1920 Expressionist cinema began to develop, taking film as an art form in new directions which were distinct from the emerging Hollywood production methods.
Is The Scream by Edvard Munch Impressionism or Expressionism?
Munch's work, including The Scream, had a formative influence on the Expressionist movement. Munch recalled that he had been out for a walk at sunset when suddenly the setting sun's light turned the clouds "a blood red". He sensed an "infinite scream passing through nature".
German-born composer Arnold Schoenberg was known for embracing the musical aesthetic by incorporating new types of compositional techniques in his music. He is known as the "father of musical Expressionism" along with his two students Anton Webern and Alban Berg.
The three central figures of musical expressionism are Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951) and his pupils, Anton Webern (1883–1945) and Alban Berg (1885–1935), the so-called Second Viennese School.
An accomplished amateur painter himself, Schoenberg had been strongly influenced by Expressionism in the visual arts and produced several paintings in that manner. Much of his music before 1920 likewise embraced an Expressionist approach in its portrayal of violent emotional states.
Though Van Gogh and Gauguin were active in the years slightly before what is regarded as the main period of Expressionism (1905-1920), they can without a doubt be regarded as Expressionist artists, who were painting the world around them not simply as it appeared to them, but from a deeply subjective, human experience.
Other composers that have been associated with expressionism are Krenek (the Second Symphony), Paul Hindemith (The Young Maiden), Igor Stravinsky (Japanese Songs), Alexander Scriabin (late piano sonatas) (Adorno 2009, 275).
