It's clear that Darth Vader wishes that Padmé joined him so that they could have remained together. But there are moments in Marvel's other Darth Vader series that suggest that, while the Sith Lord is very much still obsessed with the idea of Padmé, her betrayal may have caused him to think ill of his late wife.
Then, Vader also opened the Doors of the Dark Side and entered. Once inside the spiritual realm, Vader went through various trials, but eventually, he found Padmé. All indication was that Vader could have brought her back to life just like Momin did with his body. But Padmé refused to come.
In fact, both Vader himself and Padmé's last words were re-contextualized previously in Darth Vader #6 by Pak and Raffaele Ienco, where Vader discovers her dying words upon stumbling onto a holorecording of her death as seen in Revenge of the Sith.
Actually when he found out Padme died, he started releasing a pressure and was destroying the room. He accidentally sent Palpatine flying, which made him angry, so he hit Vader with force lightning. This showed Vader that Palpatine could kill anytime because of his electric components. So he stayed out of fear.
George Lucas Explains Padme's Death (NOT Palpatine)
Did Anakin regret killing Padmé?
Anakin does not have even the slightest bit of remorse. By the end, he feels nothing but anger. Although he feels regret for killing Padme, he still helps the evil Emperor. The film ends with Anakins standing side by side with the man on whose behalf he has committed all his crimes.
When Anakin had to choose between losing Padme — fearing that she might die in childbirth — or turning to evil to “save” her from death, he chose evil. His desire to “save” her at all costs led Anakin to the dark side. For him, the dark side became a means of saving his loved one.
Before he could enter, however, Vader was stopped by Sabé, Eirtaé, Rabé, Saché, and Dormé, former handmaidens of Amidala, who refused to let him enter into the grave so he would not desecrate it. However, Vader would not be denied. As he entered the tomb, he became flooded with memories of Amidala.
The added risk Darth Vader takes in allowing children to live in a situation where he could have killed them proves that he regrets killing Younglings and will avoid harming any more children for the rest of his days, though intense intimidation is a dark strategy to avoid repeating his Youngling massacre.
Before Padmé's death, she still believed there was still good left in Anakin, and that one day he could be redeemed. During Anakin's time as the Emperor's enforcer, he continued to suffer from grief over Padmé's death, and guilt over his supposed hand in it.
Now, here's the clarification: Padme loved Anakin. Padme did not love Vader. There you go. As long as we bring Anakin into the equation, it will always stand true as far as Padme's love for him goes.
Sadly the Clone Wars would have still happened, but Padmé would have also survived, giving birth to Luke and Leia who would have probably been inducted into the Jedi Order. As for what would have happened between the two, with their marriage and all, that's a bit tricky.
Darth Vader learned about Padme's death during one of the last scenes of Episode III The Revenge of the Sith, when the newly-proclaimed Emperor Palpatine tells Vader that he killed her in his anger.
Obi-Wan spared Anakin despite knowing killing him would "burn his heart to ash" and feeling regret for what Anakin could have become. Obi-Wan's decision to spare Anakin was influenced by the dark feeling that accompanied Emperor Palpatine's arrival, preventing him from finishing him off.
Vader utterly despised Palpatine, and did for a very long time. After Padme died and Palpatine blamed Anakin for her death, this ignited a spark of hatred for his master that would stay with him forever, Anakin blamed Palpatine for Padme's death, and probably his injuries too.
The short answer is yes, without a doubt, Vader regretted becoming a cybernetic monstrosity. First, there's the constant pain and discomfort from his suit. Worse, however, is the psychological pain. Vader destroyed everything he had ever known for a chance to save Padme.
On either side of the sarcophagus, a stone pot filled with red flowers stood on a column. At some point after his transformation into the armored Darth Vader, Amidala's husband, the fallen Jedi Knight Anakin Skywalker came to visit the mausoleum, stricken by grief and remorse for his part in her death.
Darth Vader didn't learn he had a daughter until Return of the Jedi, when he stood before Emperor Palpatine. The Emperor's power probed Luke's mind, attempting to goad him to fall to the dark side, and he discovered Leia's existence. "Sister," the Emperor taunted.
Darth Vader's true identity as Anakin Skywalker was a highly guarded secret, known only to a select few individuals including Palpatine, Obi-Wan Kenobi, Luke, Han, Leia, R2-D2, C-3PO, Master Yoda, Bail Organa, Ahsoka Tano, Darth Maul, Grand Moff Tarkin, Grand Admiral Thrawn, Jocasta Nu, Ferren Barr, Verla, Reva, ...
Why did Vader stay loyal to Palpatine after Padme died?
He still believed Palpatine was telling the truth when he said he would help save Padme. So, from Vader's distorted point of view, Palpatine had done nothing wrong and was the only person left by his side. And rather than lose everyone in his life, he figured he might as well commit to his life as a Sith.
