"This, Gandalf, was Glamdring, Foe-hammer that the king of Gondolin once wore." Glamdring was a sword, said to have belonged to Turgon, but best known as the weapon of Gandalf during the War of the Ring.
Owner(s) Glamdring (also called the Foe-hammer and the Beater) was a hand-and-a-half sword, forged for Turgon, the Elven King of Gondolin during the First Age, and much later owned by the wizard Gandalf.
The Great Goblin is enraged and orders the dwarves sent off to their deaths. Suddenly, the lights go off and the sword Glamdring (also called Foe-hammer or Beater), appears by itself, and runs through the Great Goblin, killing him.
Glamdring was the sword of Turgon, the King of Gondolin. It was one of the many powerful weapons forged by the Elves of Gondolin, preparing for the inevitable battle against Morgoth during the first age. Yes, it was a rather unique weapon, wielded by a mighty elf.
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Could Gandalf have wielded the ring?
Gandalf was forbidden from taking direct action in Middle-earth and destroying Sauron's ring. If Gandalf had carried the One Ring to Mordor, Sauron would have seen him as a threat and taken him out, potentially leading to disastrous consequences.
As in the novel, Orcrist is shown in the extended edition of the film to be buried with Thorin. While it is an Elvish sword, it does not appear to glow blue (or glow at all, for that matter) when Thorin is in the presence of Orcs in the film. This reflects the fact that Glamdring did not glow in the films as well.
Andúril, also called the Flame of the West and the Sword Reforged, was the sword which was reforged from the shards of Narsil in Rivendell. It was the sword of Aragorn II Elessar, heir of Isildur.
Sting was like Glamdring and Orcrist in that "being the work of Elvish smiths in the Elder Days, these swords shone with a cold light, if any Orcs were near at hand." But only Sting was definitively described as glowing blue, or glittering with blue flame at its edges.
Orcrist in the possession of Legolas Greenleaf. Thorin wielded Orcrist against the Wargs, Goblins, Orcs and finally the Giant Spiders, when Legolas appeared. Identifying it as a Noldorin sword from Gondolin, the Sindar Elf accused Thorin of having stolen it, and took it for himself.
Foe Hammer can refer to: The sword Glamdring (in Sindarin: 'glam'=foe, 'dring'=hammer) in the works of J. R. R. Tolkien. King Roland of Delain's mighty Arrow in Stephen King's novel The Eyes of the Dragon. The primary weapons of the MCRN Donnager in The Expanse (novel series)
Probably Anduril. While Glamdring was clearly a very good sword, being wielded by powerful beings such as Turgon and Gandalf, and capable of cutting through metal with ease and harming a Balrog, Anduril was of legendary status, being forged by none other than Telchar.
The Trolls captured Bilbo and the Dwarves, but Gandalf destroyed them by exposing them to sunlight. Glamdring, along with Orcrist and Sting, were found in their cave nearby. Gandalf claimed the weapon as his own, amazed by its appearance and inscription.
In this sense, Galadriel is never given an epic sword scene in the films. Peter Jackson chose to portray her powers and strengths as ethereal, otherworldly magic, rather than a grounded, earthy weapon base.
The sword was forged "in the deeps of time", probably during the First Age, by Telchar, probably the famed Dwarven-smith of Nogrod of the same name who made swords for the armories of King Thingol in Menegroth.
The story was abandoned, but Tolkien reused the characters and events. Isildur features briefly in voiced-over flashback sequences of Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings film trilogy. The video game Middle-earth: Shadow of War departs from Tolkien's narrative by having Sauron make Isildur into a Nazgûl or ringwraith.
The mythical shards of Narsil are said to have remained in the Elvish settlement Rivendell for over 3000 years until Arwen, who prophecies Aragorn's legacy, persuades her father Elrond to reforge the sword and present it to Aragorn, who renames it Andúril.
Hadhafang is a sword used by Elrond and Arwen in The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, and also by Elrond in The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey and The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies. The sword and its history are not part of the original story, but were invented for the movies.
With Thorin's death in the battle, Dáin became King of Durin's Folk and King under the Mountain, the first not of the main line. After the battle, Dáin thanked the Great Eagles for their timely intervention, crowning their chief with gold and swearing the Dwarves to everlasting friendship with them.
Their deaths and Thorin's did not end Durin's line, although did end the branch which had Thror, Thrain, and Thorin Oakenshield. Thorin's cousin, Dain Ironfoot, became King after Thorin's death. Dain's son, Thorin Stonehelm, became King after Dain died in the Battle of Dale. The line continued on after that.
The contents of Tolkiens' notes and other works weren't covered and were thus off-limits to the filmmakers. That's why Gandalf's mind coincidentally went blank — he legally couldn't name the wizards. So, the writers had Gandalf exploit a loophole by alluding to the two Istari without explicitly mentioning them.
Summary. Gandalf, as an Istari, was sent to Middle-earth to assist in the fight against Sauron, but he was forbidden from using his full power to interfere with the natural order. Saruman's downfall serves as a warning of the dangers of exceeding the limits placed on the Istari by the Valar.
Despite her power, Galadriel couldn't match Sauron's ability to wield the One Ring, and it would have ultimately turned against her. Even if she managed to carry the ring, Galadriel's ambition and power-seeking nature would have eventually led to her corruption, making her unfit to deal with Sauron's weapon.
