Yet when Morgoth, a big bad god, stole from the Elves and killed one of their leaders, several of them decided it was time to exile themselves from Valinor and wage war against him. After he was defeated, many Elves went back to the blessed lands, but some, including Galadriel, chose to stay.
Put simply, the Elves can't return to Valinor in The Rings of Power because their work in Middle-earth is unfinished. There is far more context to the situation in Tolkien's writing, but The Rings of Power skipped The Silmarillion's complexities regarding Elves and the War of Wrath.
Although in the latest version of the story, Galadriel's story changed significantly, far from joining Fëanor's rebellion, she opposed him in nearly everything. And that she wished to leave Valinor and go to the vast world of Middle-earth, to give free rein there to her talents.
All those Elves who never reached Valinor are "Dark Elves." In the First Age, the Sindar viewed the term "Moriquendi" as offensive, so the Noldorin Exiles gave the name Úmanyar ("Those not of Aman") to those who started the journey but did not finish it.
The Exile of the Ñoldor, also known as the Flight of the Ñoldor, occurred toward the end of the First Age: many Ñoldor Elves left Aman for Middle-earth under the leadership of Fëanor and Fingolfin, after the destruction of the Two Trees, seeking revenge for the murder of Finwë and theft of the Silmarils by Melkor.
Why Did the Elves (& Frodo, Gandalf) Leave Middle-earth? Middle-earth Explained
Why were the Elves kicked out of Valinor?
Yet when Morgoth, a big bad god, stole from the Elves and killed one of their leaders, several of them decided it was time to exile themselves from Valinor and wage war against him. After he was defeated, many Elves went back to the blessed lands, but some, including Galadriel, chose to stay.
Yet no mortal can survive forever. And after their marriage, both Aragorn and Arwen are mortal. Arwen, therefore, could not set foot in the Undying Lands without special permission. And she wouldn't be likely to go after it in the end.
They may be restored by the Will of the Valar, and then go to live with the Valar in Valinor, like an Earthly Paradise, though just being in the place does not confer immortality, as Men supposed.
By special permission of the Valar, the Hobbits Frodo Baggins, Bilbo Baggins, and Samwise Gamgee were also permitted to go to Valinor, as they had once borne the One Ring of Sauron. Later, after the death of Aragorn, Legolas the Elf would sail to Valinor and bring with him Gimli the Dwarf.
One of the biggest departures from Tolkien's writing is that Galadriel is not banned from Valinor by the Valar. Instead, the High King of the elves Gil-galad allows Galadriel and her fellow warriors to travel to the Undying Lands.
Because it would have been a massive plot hole that breaks the logic of the story. The Valar are orders of magnitude more powerful than Sauron, even at full potential just after his fall into the influence of Melkor, or any force Sauron could control.
No, Galadriel / Artanis was not the last surviving elf born in Aman. Her cousin and kinslayer, prince Maglor(1), was born in Valinor too, if you go strictly by the people who survived all ages of Middle-earth and did not die and subsequently go to Halls of Mandos.
Thus, Galadriel's dark form in Jackson's The Lord of the Rings personified what would have occurred had the Lady of Lothlorien given in to temptation and taken the One Ring for herself. She would have succumbed to evil because the Ring was indomitable, even with her power.
Morgoth, the first to reign terror upon Middle-earth, was more powerful than Sauron and commanded an army of dragons and Balrogs. While both Morgoth and Sauron were cunning, Morgoth's rule and terror lasted longer and his corruption spread further, making him more formidable in the Lord of the Rings universe.
At that time, Círdan would abandon the Grey Havens and finally travel the Straight Road himself. On some unknown date, he sailed west aboard the Last Ship with his kinsman Celeborn, but when he did so, he took with him the last living memory of the Elder Days in Middle-earth.
The ship passed west upon the sea, and then took the hidden straight path to Valinor. Gandalf became Olórin once more. There, presumably, he dwells still in the gardens of Irmo.
After the War of Wrath, with the downfall of Morgoth and the destruction of Thangorodrim, Sauron adopted a fair form and repented his evil deeds in fear of the wrath of the Valar. Eönwë ordered Sauron to return to Valinor in order to receive the judgement of Manwë.
By the Time of The Lord of the Rings, Galadriel Is Over 8000 Years Old. With Galadriel being born in YT 1362, that means she lived for 138 years in Valinor, as the Years of the Trees ended in 1500. So, her 138 years, multiplied by 9.582, places Galadriel at 1322 years old when the First Age of Middle-earth began.
Men were never allowed to enter the Undying Lands after the fall of Numenor and any attempts to reach the lands would result in failure or disaster. Aragorn, despite his heroic deeds, likely wouldn't have accepted an invitation to ensure his duties as king.
As far as mortality, no. Mortals don't gain immortality in Valinor. In fact, being there speeds up their deaths, which is one of the reasons mortals are banned from entering.
Arwen reciprocated Aragorn's love, and on the mound of Cerin Amroth they committed themselves to marrying each other. In making that choice, Arwen gave up the Elvish immortality available to her as a daughter of Elrond, and agreed to remain in Middle-earth instead of travelling to the Undying Lands.
No actually they don't have the choice. You see, when Elrond and Elros were given the choice Elros chose to be a mortal, Elrond chose to be immortal. So Elros and his decendents (including Aragorn) would be mortal. But since Elrond chose immortality the choice was passed onto his children (Elladan, Elrohir and Arwen).
